Gastronationalism, which is basically a "product", has unifying dynamics arising from the formation of collective identity and sense of belonging, as well as production and marketing revenues. When gastronationalism is examined in depth, it has become one of the biggest factors in embracing the political powers with the society.
30/10/2020
What is Gastronationalism & Culinary Nationalism?
Gastronomy trends are concentrated, countries are on the agenda with geographically marked products, and famous tastes come to the fore with their geographies, which has made the concept of gastro nationalism more popular today.
Gastronationalism, which is basically a "product", has unifying dynamics arising from the formation of collective identity and sense of belonging, as well as production and marketing revenues. When
gastronationalism is examined in depth, it has become one of the biggest factors in embracing the political powers with the society.
The food and culinary culture of the geographies, as the flavors sought in the international arena with the name of nation country cuisines, are conducive to great promotions in the field of gastrodiplomacy , and sometimes the name of a flavor can draw more attention by being in the minds of more people than the name of the country it belongs to. It is known that gastrodiplomacy, the first examples of which we see in countries such as Peru, South Korea and Thailand, is famous in Turkey with Turkish delight, halva and Turkish coffee .
Doner kebab, yoghurt, ravioli and baklava, which are world famous delicacies belonging to the rooted " Turkish culinary culture " , which set an example for the world-famous culinary traditions , today "Turkish products" are on the tables of many of the world's countries.
The concept, which was developed with the aim of protecting the culinary cultures of the nations against the effects of globalization and the values of other nations, and using them as a communication tool in public diplomacy under the influence of different values, has spread to a wide range today.
Today, it has gained more importance to support the people and organizations that promote the
Culinary Nationalism, culinary culture, which has been adopted with the aim of both spreading and protecting the values, with the laws, and transferring it to the next generations more accurately and keeping it alive.
Gastronationalism, which enables products to be evaluated in different positions as a tangible component of national identity, is also the reason for bonding in nation states with its economic and political dimensions. The geography-specific production traditions, cooking techniques and presentations after preparation tell the greatest importance and difference that come into play here.
Compared to other world countries in the history of Turkish cuisine and today, from the tent to the palace , which established and ruled states in various geographies ;
* Its Geography,
* Geography Features,
* Culinary Cultures of Minority Peoples,
* Reflection of Eating and Drinking Habits Created by Differences to Society
--and the fact that it has the flavors of Fusion Savings in Turkish cuisine , which has emerged much more in this field, seems to be an indicator of superiority in the field of gastronationalism. In this sense, when we consider the geographies of the culinary cultures, and when we consider the geographies where the Ottoman Empire ruled, the gastronomic heritage transferred from the Turkish cuisine culture to the Ottoman cuisine and Ottoman palace cuisine has brought with it some problems as a source and geographical indication .
We see the efforts of developed world countries to protect some products of Levantine cuisine , which is one of the most problematic issues in sharing gastronomic values in terms of patents . (Falafel, hummus, Kimchi, etc.)
I can also evaluate the Turkish equivalent of the concept of gastronationalism as "Product and Culinary Culture Nationalism" in its simplest meaning.
In particular, as one of the most recent examples of this, roasted chickpea halva, which was served to the Greek Prime Minister Kiryakos Miçotakis and his delegation, who met with President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan in Turkey in the field of gastrodiplomacy, is on the agenda in Turkey and Greece. came to the fore.
I will try to explain the concept of Gastronationalism, which has powerful effects that cannot fit into just one definition, under different titles with different definitions, my professional experiences, the impressions I have gained in my international travels, the culinary cultures I have studied and different geographies.
01-
What is Gastronationalism in Terms of Basic Nutritional Habits ?
One of the most used words on food and beverage culture today is gastronationalism among the new food trends of 2022 . Although it has come to the fore in gastrodiplomacy used between states, it has become a new concept and food culture preferred between societies in international gastronomy.
If people who go to another country for any reason of travel want to find something of their own abroad, the food culture we call gastronationalism is the most indispensable one. International culinary cultures generally have the habit of eating 3 meals a day. Gastronationalism, which is a search for basic eating habits, is actually beyond a diet.
However, we can also consider it as a habit, selectivity or diet. (in terms of basic nutrition). When we consider the societies living in the world in this regard, their diets include various food products, although their diets are different.
If I Need To Give Some Examples Of These
* Geographical Products,
* Kitchen Features,
* Product variety,
* Seasonal Features,
* Economic Conditions,
* Food culture,
* Rituals,
* Religious Beliefs…
There may be some of these features. Again, if I need to open up some details as an example, you cannot make a person who lived and nurtured in the same region until the age of 30 or 40 suddenly love the diet of a geography 2000 km away. At the same time, you cannot expect him to immediately adopt a second food culture. You have to present that person's own food culture.
Food is an identity that reflects a culture. The main headings of this identity are the differences in the diets found in the geography. The person I gave an example above needs his own food culture and the tastes of his geography in order to be able to eat healthy . This is a necessity beyond adoption. It is one of the concepts of gastronationalism, with a sense of belonging and options to choose one's own. However, as the whole concept of gastronationalism has much greater meaning, it should be evaluated separately under many headings.
If I were to give some negative examples for those living outside their own country and geography:
* You Can't Feed Veal To A Hindu,
* You Cannot Feed Non-Kosher Food to a Jew,
* You Can't Feed Meat And Meat Products To A Vegan,
* You can't feed a pig to a Muslim,
When we look at similar issues from this perspective, it is obvious that the concept of gastronationalism is a matter of preference, although it is not an obligation. Gastronationalism may vary in nearby geographies with some similarities or preference or instinct of liking. For example, a person who has been fed with burgers, pizza and Italian pasta all his life may become a life-long regular by loving the Anatolian cuisine, the Turkish döner kebab, or the kayseri mantı.
02-
What is Gastronationalism in the Concept of Nationalism and Nation-State?
There are some concepts in the concept of nation state. While this is not the case for just one country, it represents the majority worldwide. It is their traditions that will keep peoples together. Food, culture and identity are the basic values of societies, as well as the historical process in the formation of national identity. Food and culinary culture, which is at the forefront of material and spiritual values in terms of maintaining the sovereignty, is also an economic source of income.
The Main Lines of the Need for Ideological Integration in the Protection of Sovereignty and Interests in the Nationalist Nation-State Approach;
* Using Your Own,
* Preferring One's Own Geography,
* Keeping What Is In Your Culture Alive,
* Giving an Example from Your Own History,
* Keeping Your Own Past Alive,
* Preserving traditions
While creating a sense of unity and nationalism, it wants to preserve the cuisine, food and diet, and to keep it alive for material and moral benefits, and to carry it to the future by strengthening it in the same way.
Feasts, banquets and festivities where inter-communal socializing, eating and drinking habits are kept alive in nation states are the organizations where the most important concept of gastronationalism is kept alive. The historical process in the development of cultures, which are kept alive by food stories, always leads to a unifying and embracing of the general. The fusion components coming from the food culture of different cultures are the clearest examples of embracing.
* Our Kebab, (…….) Kebab
* Our Soup, (…….) Soup
* Our Food, (…….) Meal
* Our Pilaf, (…….) Pilaf
* Our Dessert, (…….) Dessert
States accept that the Cuisine and Food culture in order to direct the societies in Sofra is a sign of unification in every field. It is seen that individuals accept the nutritional diversity belonging to their national territory unconditionally with the understanding of “your diet forms your identity, you are what you eat” and embrace it as a product of their own.
03-
What Does Food Mean in Gastronationalism?
Beyond the sense of belonging, the tables reflect the past of the families to the present and the future. Since the smallest member of the state is the family, they are the first owners of food as those who produce, sustain, market and consume the product based on the cultural nationalism supported by the states. The owner of the product can sometimes rank higher than the product. This is a proud situation for the product owner. It is not the person who owns the product that should be considered here, but the people of the geography.
In reflecting the product to life;
* Culture Structure,
* Features of Geography,
* Memories of His Own History
* Diversity of Identities,
* Habits of Communities,
* Determination of Boundaries,
* Political Communication,
* Common Values of Peoples…
It is a value that creates, sustains and at the same time disrupts common values such as --. Although there are many who want to keep it alive with good intentions, there will definitely be those who want to spoil it by using the same tools. Food culture also has distinctive features of societies. If I give an example of the Anatolian cuisine culture, there are at least 10 types of keskek recipes. There is a great difference between a keskek made in the southeastern culinary culture and a keskek made in Amasya.
* Content features,
* Cooking techniques,
* Used materials,
* Product variety,
It carries many more differences based on seasonal characteristics. One of the most important social engineering used in disrupting the structure of a society is the change of food history and eating habits. In this regard, material losses of nation states may cause more dangerous and larger social separations, along with more moral losses and separations arising from moral losses.
04-
What is Projection of Identity in Gastronationalism?
Sometimes, beyond eating, it is one of the most prominent and useful weapons and factors in the most powerful reflection of cultural identity. Although this feature is generally used in gastronomy and molecular gastronomy , as well as in gastrodiplomacy, we encounter it more often in interstate culinary culture comparisons, product ownership and gastronomic activities.
If I need to give some examples of gastro nationalism studies that come to the fore in "comparison of product and culinary cultures" from these gastronomic activities;
* Product's geographic history
* The adventure of the History of Food
* In which geography the product used in the food is grown,
* The Story of the Food,
* People and Cities Mentioned in the Story,
* Features of Geography,
* Seasonal Features,
* Cooking Technique Used,
Cuisine and product nationalism based on the product owned is not just a country-specific feature. Every state in the world owns all the products in its own geography. In the Formation Stages of Gastronationalism, product nationalism starts from the family and continues to the highest level, respectively.
* Family
* Neighbourhood,
* District,
* City,
* Ethnonationalism Understanding and Its Reflection on Regions and Regions,
* Community Adoption,
* Owning it as a Cultural Approach,
* Gastronomy Habits
* Reflection of Culinary Culture as a Society,
* Protection of Culinary Heritage by Laws,
* Living and keeping alive with a sense of belonging at home and abroad
-- continues. In geographies shared between countries, the variety and quality of the product come into play in terms of preference and marketing. We can show this the quality of tea grown in 2 different regions of China. If we talk about Turkey, the quality of oranges grown in Adana and oranges grown in Antalya can also be shown. Also, if we need to look at it from another point of view, garlic grown in the moist and wet soils of the Black Sea region is not the same as the garlic grown in the dry soils of Eastern Anatolia, and it is not the same in terms of taste and quality, as well as price tags in marketing.
If I need to give some examples of gastronomic activities, which stand out among these gastronomic activities in "reflecting the cultural identity to the front in the strongest way";
* Meals Provided by Government Institutions,
* Nationally Organized Local or Regional Feasts or Festivals,
* International Cooking Competitions,
* Individual Work of Chefs,
* Meals Used by National Teams Entering Cooking Contests on Behalf of Countries in Contest Menus,
* Ethnic Restaurants,
* Local Restaurants,
* Menus Used on National Special Days,
* Types of Food Made in Religious Holidays,
There may be some of the programs and applications where such applications are made. While there are many more features and elements that we can put into the concept of gastro nationalism, its global application is one of the most useful tools in social engineering, both economically and in order to emulate or try to emulate societies.
Disrupting the traditional structure of societies is not applied primarily with wars, but also with social engineering. Affordable prices, promotional advertisements, iconic foods, fancy chain brand restaurants and fast food brand cafes are some examples.
For example, while rats roam in front of the relevant restaurant and innovative kitchen trends and fast food chain brands in America, it is also known as the accommodation where the homeless spend time until the morning, while the same brand is among the most luxurious restaurants in another country in the world and can only be used by the notables of the city. It is presented to the people of that country or that region or city as a sign of the superiority and difficult to reach of the country where the relevant brand is found.
In fact, those who see America in reality know this, but since their aim is to dominate over those who do not know the truth, this is called providing and encouraging the establishment of wannabes with different techniques, which is one of the different fields of social engineering. For example, if you invite your girlfriend to a related fast food brand in America, it will be perceived as a sign that you don't care about her and may be the reason for your girlfriend to leave you.
However, the same behavior may be the opposite in a 3rd world country, but it can mean how much your boyfriend cares and invites you to a very good restaurant. Since I mentioned America, if I need to give another example, all the rules are for businesses outside the United States, no matter how many chain brands of American origin there are.
For businesses within the United States, 70% of the relevant rules are not taken into account by the control mechanisms. At the same time, for those who are in good economic condition, restaurants of interest brands are not preferred places in such meetings, considering service, quality and cleaning details. People who have traveled to European countries and America know this very well.
05-
Gastronomy And Gastro Nationalism...
Gastronomy is not just food. It gains value with other features in gastronomy, which is a multidisciplinary field. If we take into account the feeling that most people adopt their own culture, we can also say that these people are gastronationalists. gastronationalism begins in the individual and extends to gastrodiplomacy by advancing to the highest level of the state. I can say that the main theme in the adventure from gastronationalism to gastrodiplomacy is the sense of belonging and adopting one's own. These feelings are present in individuals living in every geography and in the state levels that govern that geography.
If I need to give an example to these, when Turkish gastronomy or gastronomy with X- is mentioned, one of the concepts of gastronationalism;
* Culinary Cultures,
* Customs and Customs,
* Traditions,
* Cooking Techniques,
* Rituals,
* The Main Sources of the Sense of Belonging that Creates Consciousness,
* Table Culture,
* Gastronomy Research Resources,
* Seed and cutting production,
* Agricultural Production,
* Production Resources,
* Sustainability of Products Adapted to Geography,
* Maintaining Nutritional Resources,
* Products Made by Agricultural Techniques,
* New Culinary Trends Born of Wealth of Ideas,
* Formation of New Fusion Tastes Born from the Combination of Culinary Cultures of Peoples in the Geography,
* Formation of New Products Moved to Current Geographical Climate (Avocado, Passiflora, Dragon Fruit etc. Tropical Foods)...
-- we can say. If I have to underline an important issue here, mango from the Anacardiaceae family, which belongs to India and its region, is the same as the meneviş, menengiç, mastic gum as it is known in the Mediterranean climate. Mango, which has become "crisp" in fruit characteristics with seasonal changes in our climate for centuries, has become a fruit called "mango" in the geography of India. both of them can grow on their own in the geography they belong to.
The result here is in the preservation, isolation and cultivation techniques of the seed, and we see the result of a process in which the geography of the seed and the product related to the natural process have changed. However, even though we are not the homeland of mango in our agricultural future, we see that it is possible to grow mangoes in the Mediterranean climate as a result of trials, with the method of cutting or grafting in the production of sustainable products. It is possible to reproduce these test specimens with other plants in the geography of Turkey. But it is not possible to know in advance what kind of evolution the seeds planted today will undergo in our geography 100 years from now.
The rule that is valid for every geography is the protection of the seed and the sustainability of the product quality rather than growing the product. Just as seed genes change in the long term due to natural fertilization at flower time and other plants around, "reproduction" and seed security may require different agricultural techniques, especially in crops transported to the geography.
06-
What is National Supremacy in Gastro Nationalism?
Pretentiousness and imitation are the biggest concepts that destroy the general culture of societies. Encouraging visuals and slogans in English, especially tried on societies in 3rd World countries, are in the first place. In the second place are the visuals and slogans that affect the culinary culture and social behavior cultures and encourage the West by targeting the 14-25 age group under the slogan of "modernity" of the current society. This is sometimes coded as "subliminal messages" by experts in a food picture, sometimes in a jeans commercial or in the lyrics of a promotional song. I would like to include one of my travel memories here. I went to Kuala Lumpur in Malaysia in 2008 both for visit and trade. A Malaysian I met on the plane and traveled with told me that Israelis and Americans are not welcome to start business and live here! I was surprised when he said...
When the officer who looked at my passport at the passport control saw that I was Turkish, he was happy as if he saw his brother or brother and said "Welcome" in Turkish. I liked it. My friend came and picked me up from the airport and I settled in the novo hotel in the city center. I will stay for 12 days in total and I have a plan for myself. The next day, my friend said he would take me to the sunway pyramid, which is the shopping mall nearby. What caught my attention were the giant advertising brochures of American chain brands, designed by experts in professional social engineering, which brought the idea of encouragement and curiosity to life on the busiest streets of the city. The "fried chicken wings" picture of the American fried chicken brand, which overshadows the regional culinary treasures of great taste , made me think a lot...
I said fine, we went and entered the mall pyramid once, but I was a disappointment. It's like I entered Israel, not Malaysia. There are as many Jewish and American brands as there are in the world. From clothing to sports, from high-end restaurants to fast food brands. There is only a shop that sells zippo, you have to think what I mean. If I am not mistaken, I counted 21 Jewish brands and said to my friend; - You know, where Israeli and American companies were not welcome to do business? You know, serious restrictions were imposed by the Malaysian state on this issue? The men built a market. When you look at the shopping centers related to the concept of National Supremacy in Gastro Nationalism, it is obvious that you are in America, not Malaysia.
At the same time, the oldest restaurant brands of the city were bought and closed by foreign brands, and some of the restaurants they could not buy were also in dispute through the people they directed, and due to the disagreement of the partners, they were closed by court decisions. Although the cuisine culture of Malaysia and the fast food cuisine culture are not remotely related, we see that the local cuisine culture of Malaysia has been affected by the excess of advertisements and promotions of Imported Fast Food chains in Malaysia since 2008 by the people living in the region. So, is it only the culinary culture that is affected? The related shopping center is one of the most luxurious and most expensive shopping centers in Kuala Lumpur.
However, there is no shopping center in the same city where Malaysian national products are sold. There is also no ethnic restaurant selling local and national dishes in the same sizeable shopping malls.
However, those who come to Malaysia want to taste and try the food culture and culinary culture of that country, they do not come to this country to eat burgers, fried chicken wings and pizza!!! In order to eat Malaysian national food, you have to go to the suburbs in the back streets of the city. As a result, I saw that you cannot see a single local or local or Malaysian brand in the best shopping centers of the city, and completely foreign food and other foreign brands prevail. Now, can I explain in detail what I mean above?
07-
Evaluation of Economic Income and Employment Sources Through Politics in Gastronationalism
Just as food culture can unite people, if used well with politics, it is one of the most important tools to set people against each other. It is also possible to see that conflicts in international politics are used by different national identities in some interactions.
Food types are seen as a source of nutrition for humanity, who feel the need to eat three meals a day in the world, but it is a tool for very different purposes for states. Food products used in dishes;
* Production
* Transport
* Storage
* Preparation Stages,
* Culture Appropriate Additives,
* Branding,
* Classification,
* Taxation,
* Distribution,
* Introducing
* Consumption
Many factors, such as -- which I cannot list here, are actually one of the foremost gains for a country after energy. For countries, food culture is the key to psychological intervention in societies. Although the symbol on a chocolate package, the writing on a fat package, which is one of the basic nutritional products, or the price policy are symbols of national loyalty, they can overthrow governments with plans that can be implemented by different powers…
Although the states apply unity and power with the idea of gastro nationalism with such methods, the enemy forces with the same thought are in the nutritional products, which are the same weapon;
* Packaging,
* Design,
* Advertisement,
* slogan,
* symbol,
* Price policy,
* Drugs with Long-Term Effects,
* Occurrence of Some Desired Diseases on the People Over Time,
By activating negative thoughts such as -- on the contrary, they can cause chaos and terror events to occur. Just as your view changes from every window you look at, the perspective of gastro nationalism and food culture depends on where you look at it. Not only that not every mind can see this, but also being able to predict the consequences that may result requires higher virtues and getting to know different countries and cultures better.
08-
What is the Sustainability of Product and Production in GastroMilliyetcilik?
The most important task of the product owner should be the sustainability of the product. Today, although the seeds are local, the future of the product is in danger after the drugs and fertilizers used are imported. Local products grown in any geography have to maintain their sustainability if they are protected by states with 100% national medicines and equipment. Today, wars between international states are not only fought with tanks and weapons.
To give a few examples, after the production of apricots from Malatya, potatoes from Niğde, pistachios from Antep, chestnuts from Bursa, and saffron in Safranbolu disappear, these regions will no longer have a characteristic. When imported drugs are used with malicious intent, they can destroy the related products in the long run. For the survival of Gastro Nationalism, it is essential to keep the product alive. Protecting the product and its sustainability is not a duty but an obligation for nation states.
* Conservation of Local Seeds,
* Patients Coming with Foreign Medicines,
* Diseases Coming with Fertilizers,
* Obtaining Healthy Seed from the Product,
* Conservation of the Soil,
* Protection of Regional Climate,
* Preserving the Natural Balance and Seasonal Characteristics of the Geography,
It is one of the most important factors in protecting the product and ensuring its sustainability. In the basic beginning of this protection, all kinds of government support is required in the protection of the product by supporting the producer, informing the farmer and making agricultural institutions more professional and knowledgeable in intervention and control. It is the product that keeps people and the state alive.
09-
What are Marketing Methods and Political Power Competition in Gastro Nationalism?
Today, the food products of the world countries that are not developed or have just started to develop are generally managed by foreign brands. Almost all of the food products belonging to the geography of the relevant countries on the market shelves were packaged by foreign food brands and offered for sale to the people of that people.
Here, international foreign food brands that play a role in the economic conditions and economic development of the country act in line with the think tanks they are affiliated with and their own interests.
When necessary, they can put the incumbent government in any way they want by using the gaps in the existing laws, in the fields of price policies and stocking, over the food products in that country's geography. This is the reason for their structuring in the relevant countries. In addition to trade, it is to have a say in the country's economy as well as to keep food consumption under control.
Sometimes, having a say in food management, determining the black market and cornering the governments with price policy and stocking on the food products of that country is just one of its main purposes. While making money is secondary in these marketing methods, sometimes loss can be done on purpose, considering the international balances.
While the purpose here is to have a say in the balances beyond health and nutrition, the goals are realized in line with the wishes of the "hidden hands" that rule behind the curtain. When you research the roots of these domestic and foreign food brands, you will encounter international think tanks and their affiliated holdings.
10-
What is Gastronationalism in the Protection of Collective Identity?
The issue to be considered and examined here should be examined how much the cuisine, gastronomy organizations and culinary institutions in that country can reflect their own culinary cultures to the world with their professional studies. Organizations whose duty is to promote culinary culture can promote and contribute to the promotion of culinary cultures in the world.
If You Need To Sort These Under Some Headings;
* Is Culinary Culture Alive in Restaurant Menus?
* Do Leading Chefs Know Their Own Culinary Culture?
* Does the State Encourage the Survival of Culinary Culture_
* Do Most Famous Chefs Have Knowledge About Food Culture?
* Do Culinary Institutions Support the Survival of Culinary Culture in Festivals and Fairs?
* % of Foreign Food Brands Sector in the Related Country? How Many Have You?
* Do the Official Institutions of the State Contribute to the Survival of Culinary Culture?
* Is Culinary and Food Culture Supported in Traditional Feasts?
* To what extent does the community identify its culinary culture with its national identity?
* Can Foreign Guests in the Country Find the Culinary Culture of that Country in Restaurants?
His questions may have some detail and the key to his answers. In terms of gastronationalism, culinary culture is the most important factor in the unification of the society and its promotion to the world locally and regionally, as well as the key to gaining an advantage in transnational markets globally.
Gastronationalism plays an important role in the preservation and development of food culture. Even under the name of fusion flavors in the context of identity, it is not welcomed by the chefs and the people of the society in this field, as it will cause reasons for the loss of identity in general, even under the name of fusion flavors.
Along with a well-known culinary heritage, it protects itself as an economic and unifying resource in communication with the society in domestic and foreign politics, if and as long as it serves the definition of "belonging" to which the Culinary culture belongs to that culture.
11th-
What is Gastronationalism in Second and Third Countries?
Here, expatriates living outside their own country, taking into account their own culinary culture, are used to gather their own people and others as more, in line with the concept of Gastronationalism. It is one of the most effective ways of reflecting ideas in the events organized.
If I have to give a few examples, it is one of the best ways to reflect the identity to the other side and to reveal national feelings in the hearts in organizations such as Kebab festival, Food festival, Dessert and cake festival, which are organized to bring people together by targeting a certain audience.
These methods, especially used by political parties, are generally among the most favorable subjects in all countries of the world. “Food” and food products are also used to institutionalize and reflect political and anarchic ideas. Food, which is one of the most effective ways for people to communicate with each other, is one of the best success-oriented methods in the production, preparation and especially consumption of food, taking into account the diets, in the combination of Gastronomic Identity phenomena within the scope of Gastronationalism.
12-
Gastronationalism Food Protection “Geographical Indication”
Today, international institutional structures and food products belonging to countries around the world are protected with geographical indications. In the last 20 years, especially in Asian and European countries, the processes of protecting food and registering that it belongs to that region have gained momentum. I believe that even if some geographical indications between countries, especially in the period after the second quarter of the 20th century, are maintained by international courts, they will be corrected as long as the geographies remain in place.
The sustainability of traditional food production in the world, the development of cooking techniques and presentations with different methods, is seen as a clear determination of its sources by evaluating the effects of fusion. At the same time, geographically indicated products are a sustainable value used for the purpose of keeping the tourism industry alive for countries.
In gastronationalism, products with cultural and traditional geographical indications for states come to the fore as a locomotive in gastronomy tourism. The tourism industry, which contributes to the development of regions as well as a source of income in the promotion of local cuisines, stands with geographical products.
Geographical Indications, One of the Most Important Values in the Concept of Gastronationalism, is a Contributing Case with the Following Factors;
* Gastronomy Tourism,
* Local Cuisine Values,
* Traditional Culinary Culture,
* Tourism Industry,
* Distribution of Eating and Drinking Culture,
* Development,
* Spread of Culinary Culture,
* Encouraging the Use of Local Products,
* Regional or Local Reputation,
* Domestic Trade,
* Foreign trade,
* Development of Cultural Identity,
Geographical Indications are One of the Factors Supporting Gastronationalism. The mistakes made in the past in the institutional structures created by international relations are conducive to taking more experienced and correct steps in the field of Geographical Indications today. It is seen that the products belonging to some geographies that cannot provide sustainability in the protection of seeds and food cannot provide the known quality in the geographical climates they are transported. It is obvious that the transported products, which cannot stand against natural fertilization, show themselves negatively or positively within 30-40 years today.
13-
The Role of Country Kitchens in the World in Gastronationalism Projects...
Especially after the 2nd World War in the world, it formed a school together with Spain, citing France, one of the countries that was one of the most successful in Gastronationalism projects on societies. The spread of breakfast culture with the industrial revolution created new breakthroughs and opportunities in gastronomy. Spain and France took the first steps with some related food brands and were successful in introducing their own cultures to the world. The results of today's gastronomy research and, in my opinion, the project prepared by both countries under the conditions of the time has expired.
Again, in the same gastronomy researches, it was revealed that the origins of the dishes that were said and written to belong to the French cuisine or the Spanish cuisine actually belonged to different geographies. also 9th century. The cookbook titled Islamic Cuisine, which was published, revealed that the first written works on this subject were not in French cuisine. At the same time, those who claimed that the sculptures made of oil were in the French kitchen for the first time were in vain , with the emergence of the miniatures of the nahils carried by 20-30 people in the Ottoman and palace kitchens in the first quarter of the 16th century ( Surname-i Hümayun "Festivals in the Ottoman Empire" ).
As every produced project will have an end;
* Developing Kitchen Technologies,
* Gastronomy Researches,
* Local Tastes of Every Geography within the Concept of Gastronationalism,
* Fusion Flavors Emerging with New Culinary Trends,
* Memories of the Oldest People Revealed in their Food Stories,
* Products Owned by Peoples of Geographies,
* Real Flavors Unearthed by Countries and Introduced to the World,
While the new world restaurant trends find their true owners, who are the cultures they belong to, it seems that micro and large-scale cartels that monopolize gastronomy will bring an end. If we take Turkey as an example, French cuisine is now losing its popularity to a large extent. As in the past, it is obvious that it is not included in hotel menus and restaurant menus compared to the past, and it is not preferred by people with a sense of gastronationalism. The world is now talking about local and regional cuisines.
When we look at the past in the academic studies carried out by new academicians and professors, it is understood that the reason why French cuisine has come to the fore so much is the product of a well-planned project. It seems that the best soldiers of this project, the michelin star and the international cartel food brands belonging to the Spain-France school, have their masks unfurled in front of their local cuisines . Although the relevant cartel food brands in different parts of the world pack local cuisine products with local names and carry them to market shelves, the flavors they index into their own recipes are not popular with the peoples of the geography.
After the period of Marie-Antoine Careme, with a gastronationalist breakthrough, the popularity of the French cuisine, which is connected with the development of tourism in the world, has started to disappear, and today it is faced with losing its wine culture. However, with the strengthening of local economies and the increase in the number of gastronomy organizations in the world , it is a fact that horse drinks to different geographies will become one of the new favorites of world gastronomy.
Today, with the aim of producing food for the masses, professional kitchen systems with a division of labor are being established in the catering sector, where much more production can be made. In the new professional kitchens, local synonyms are used instead of words of French origin. Today, French is not accepted as a guide even in countries such as Congo, Canada, Madagascar, Cameroon, Ivory Coast, Africa, Niger, Burkina Faso, which are their own colonial states, and it is a fact that these countries' original mother tongues have started to gain popularity.
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What is Gastronationalism in Foreign Trade and Promotion?
Today, countries that have made a name for themselves in the international arena together with the world gastronomy trends increase their success rate positively in flueless industry tourism. Geographically indicated products are also in the label definitions in the relevant markets in the country where they are exported;
* Where It Comes From,
* When It Arrives,
* In which region it is produced,
* Fertilizers Given,
* Product Features,
* Traditional Product Name...
It is offered for sale with labels containing information such as -. At the same time, these food products are introduced in the light of the above information in product promotions. This process means the promotion of the region and country where that product is grown. If the relevant product is grown only in that region, it can play a leading role in the development of the tourism industry. At the same time, this positive rate for the exporting country is instrumental in increasing international recognition and spreading reputation.
Geographical indications take the lead especially in agricultural production. Although the seeds are taken outside the borders of the country by unofficial means, their sustainability cannot be ensured naturally, and these methods are no longer in demand because the product productivity is at much lower scales than expected. The social structure that uses the cultural identity based on the region also earns an income economically in return for these promotions.
Although geographical indications provide the development of the region in terms of economic, cultural and tourism, the main share is to provide social solidarity principles in the formation of a region-specific identity with the sense of unity, ownership and belonging in the principles of gastronationalism.
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What is the Gastronationalism Approach of Foreign Food Brands on Gastronomy Writers, Gourmets and Food Writers in Written and Visual Media?
When we take a virtual trip to 20 years ago, you will see that the cuisines of French, Italian, Spain and 2 or 3 more countries from the developed world countries are shown as examples in local gastronomy articles. At the same time, it is possible to see the inspirations of the gastronomic cultures of the same countries in local gastronomy events. When I say local, I mean the local of any country in the world. I'm talking about the days when being "intellectual" was equivalent to being "western".
At the same time, for themselves, who are in the first place in the social engineering that the colonial states have established on the 2nd and 3rd world countries;
* The biggest,
* Best,
* Perfect,
* Unreachable,
* Cannot be caught,
* Non-competitive,
* Democratic,
* Human rights,
Today, one by one, false definitions like --- such as wannabe and admirable, but with no basis in reality, are emerging one by one, and it turns out that there is disappointment and an empty dream among those who are wannabes and admirers. In fact, in the developed world states, the above-mentioned definitions are valid only for their own, and it has been proven once again with the war with Russia and Ukraine.
While the Pope's crying for the dead reveals the feeling that Muslims who died in Islamic countries for years are not human, in the world public opinion, it has been revealed that the pro-Western intellectuals in the underdeveloped world countries are actually payroll officers . Unfortunately, one of these countries is Turkey.
If I had to give a few examples of these;
* Those who do not know the flatbread, sizzling and noodles in their own history talk about tortillas, pancakes and ravyoli,
* Gourmets who do not know the samsun pide, niksar, meat bread, and Merzifon pita for centuries in their own culinary culture are trying to write the history of pizza and pizza, which started to be made in the last quarter of the 19th century,
* Although the so-called contemporary Turkish cuisine chefs were aware of sherbet and syrups by setting up a perfect Ottoman palace cuisine table, he sewed a 2.5-liter cococola bottle in the middle of that Ottoman table and passed behind it as an exemplary Turkish cuisine chef, which is one of the treacherous partridges that the same Lawrens tied to the nets in our Country Kitchen . how they pose to the world press,
* Some culinary institutions in Turkey invited the German, English and Italian jury candidates, who do not understand the "T" of Turkish cuisine , to regional cooking competitions by giving thousands of euros,
* The same culinary institutions and culinary academies in Turkey send their students, who do not know how to make ravioli yet, to Italy for pasta making courses for thousands of euros,
* The blunders of our so-called Turkish Cuisine and Turkish Chefs , who made the pastrami perohi (piruhi, Circassian ravioli) of centuries in our own culinary culture as "bacon ravioli" in European cooking competitions and made it into the household of foreign cuisines ,
* How they compare the results of the games played on culinary cultures by foreign food brands and the crusades in the gastronomy they target ,
* By not seeing hundreds of kinds of cheese available and produced in our country, garganzola, cheddar, permessan etc. are added to the menus of the most famous Turkish chefs . How the same chefs made the cheeses available in their press releases or recipes and sold them for 10 times the price of our cheeses,
* When you examine the subject in depth, you will see how foreign food brands sell their own products to the hotel industry with only a few references, by providing financial support to the heads of the relevant culinary federation and making them say, if they are local, in gastronomy organizations and press releases ( 869 ) .
Foreign food brands that sell different soups, sauces, mashed potatoes and many food products to hotel kitchens in their " foreign origin" prepared packages " because the cost is cheaper" have almost indexed Turkish cuisine flavors into their package contents ... Are you aware? There are no apprentices , assistants and journeymen who grew up with sarcasm in Turkish cuisine , and all of our young colleagues over the age of 17 have become chefs, that is, " chefs " with foreign wannabes, as they say . All of them have at least 20 medals around their neck!!! Who gave them these medals? See social networks "no chef!!! All"chef " Well, are there any general, professional culture and knowledge infrastructures?
If I had to give an example in a figurative sense;
In fact, the entrance to the circus that came to the neighborhood was free. I wondered why. Where will they get their money from? Is there a free show? It turned out that while the acrobat on the tightrope was walking, some people were saying look at the acrobat, while others were emptying the pockets of the nation, and we realized the situation later. Do you burn in the ignorance of those who do not realize this, or do they not know that they are the next victim?
With the financial and promotional support of foreign food brands, he started his culinary profession after 40 years, and after being polished by the same food brands in 3 months, how our culinary culture and tastes are indexed to foreign food brands in the cookbooks written by the same food brands on behalf of the chefs, which they introduced to the public as the Turkish cuisine chef of the century. you will see...
Unfortunately, these social engineering practices were not implemented only in our country. The relevant officials are busy fulfilling their duties and responsibilities in other developing world countries...
Thankfully, Turkish cuisine has surpassed these in general, but there are too many countries in the world that have failed to achieve this. The sad thing here is how foreign food brands corrupt their own people, who are citizens of the country they target, with their own people and their own culinary culture, and you will see how these foreign food brands try to destroy the original according to their production infrastructure in line with their targets.
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What is the Concept of Racism Between Asian and European Countries in General Terms? What Are the Differences in World Politics Between Muslim and Christian Countries?
Even in 2022, there is still confusion in the world where the concept of being "modern" with the principle of equality cannot be fully implemented. While the "Islamophobia" frenzy, which started with the headscarf bans in Europe, which is called the cradle of democracy, ignores the freedom of education even in schools, the reality of the principle of "equality" is still in plain sight. While the same Europe and America, where mosques are closed one by one, have included terrorism and Islam in the same bracket, the question marks that remain in mind are thought-provoking.
Contrary to what is known today and what is being tried to be presented to the world, it is seen that different concepts prevail in similar aspects in the practices in the "real world", according to the data of international press organizations;
** The architect of concepts such as "Asian & European", "white & black", "Muslim & Christian", "radical & modern", "with and without them", "assimilated & non-assimilated" in the world, in the foundation of the organizations advocating the principle of equality. appear to be the biggest "racists".
** It is known that the largest international arms companies have established associations in the name of "peace and democracy in the world" and finance and direct terrorist organizations through these organizations.
** International or country-specific organizations established to protect the green and nature are essentially structured in order to disqualify their competitors from the tenders and works they have received or will receive when necessary,
** We see that local or international big pharmaceutical companies act with the idea of producing, pioneering and promoting global diseases, and how to sell more drugs. At the same time, it is a fact that they make demands for different illegal purposes in return for the delivery of drugs requested by other world countries.
** It has been registered that the largest financial institutions in the world, which were established with the aim of aid and support, were established in order to turn countries into economic colonies and to bring politicians who fit their own purposes to power.
** It is seen that the states that wage wars to bring democracy have not brought democracy anywhere throughout their history, in fact, they have caused chaos, tears and poverty by murdering the peoples, and at the same time, they have made the said peoples exploitation for centuries by billing them even for the weapons they use.
** It is seen that those who do not speak of democracy are the spokespersons of the secret intelligence organizations that actually stand behind the most famous defenders of democracy, and in fact the "dictator" themselves.
** It is a fact in mind that people who sell religion want "ignorance" to prevail, which is an area where they can easily market their thoughts.
** It has become a new trend in this field, where the biggest international "thieves" actually own "local and international law firms" to defend their own companies.
** While it is normal to use sarin gas in Iraq, Syria and Yemen, where "opinion and thought" organizations belonging to the state secret intelligence, established for a better life in the world, were created to create "chaos" in countries or regions where they do not want to develop or where they want to make a management change, never in Ukraine. It is emphasized by the speakers of the relevant press organizations and European politicians that they cannot be used because they are "Christian and European".
** While Muslims are dying in the conflicts in Lebanon, Iraq, Syria and Yemen, it is stated by the relevant press organizations and European states that it is normal, but because they are Europeans with blue eyes in the Russia-Ukraine war, this cannot be tolerated. At the same time, we see that while refugees who want to take refuge in Europe from Islamic countries are beaten and left to die by European border officials at sea and on land, Ukrainian refugees are given housing and paid by European countries. How can we define the double standards and differences applied to these refugees who want to take refuge in Europe from all countries in world politics, which is claimed to be fair?
The first quarter of 2022 revealed many truths in the world among what happened. Especially when we got rid of the coronavirus process and took off the masks, we put on the helmet with the war with Russia and Ukraine. We have seen that all these organizations serve the "sovereign powers" in line with the way Europe treats Ukrainian refugees and refugees and the aims of the founders. Unfortunately, the hypocrisy of the European states and America has once again been revealed with all its nakedness.
In short, we live in a world where the strongest wins and five people rule, if we take into account that whatever its name is, after the 2nd World War, wherever it is in the world, but the founders serve the sovereign powers in line with their aims, and it is actually structured "in line with its purpose", the opposite of its meaning.
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Is There Politics in the Kitchen?
Although not as much as Turkey, which we have taken into account for the last 25 years, cook associations, federations and confederations are increasing rapidly in every country of the world. To the same extent, it is almost impossible to keep up with the pace of TV programs and cooking competitions about cuisine and food. In addition to the support and contributions of domestic and foreign food brands, gastronomy organizations, huge capitals are spent to enter the UNESCO creative cities network.
Today , very big projects are being prepared in order to become a gastronomy city and to get a share from gastronomy tourism . If there is a movement somewhere, make sure that there is politics. Although this sometimes serves the interests of the relevant regions, sometimes it can happen in the opposite direction in terms of gastronationalism. In every country's cuisine and gastronomy studies, there are "politics" in positive and negative dimensions. The politics in the kitchen continues to increase with each passing day.
If I need to give some examples under the name of Home Kitchens, Hotel Kitchens and Restaurant Kitchens;
* All kinds of vegetables and fruits prices are discussed,
* Beverage prices are criticized,
* Governments are blamed for meat prices,
* Complaining about the inadequacy of employee salaries,
* Oil and other main staple foods falling into the black market,
* Attributing the cost of living to the failure of relevant government institutions,
* With rising prices, the power of governments is in danger,
* Organizing demonstrations and protests due to the expensiveness of food products...
Activities such as --- are the signs that the way of real politics and political power passes through the kitchen. Every house in the world whose pot does not boil is the first spark of the greatest fires that have destroyed the governments involved. Those who say that there is no politics in the kitchen, that there is no politics in the kitchen, are those who have the capital that will be destroyed in the biggest fires that these small sparks will cause. There is politics in every kitchen.
If we need to look at the subject from another angle in commercial kitchens;
As I mentioned in my 2022 world gastronomy trends article, Spain and France, where we see the most concrete forms of politics in the kitchen in international gastronomy, are living for the last 10-15 years in my opinion. With the spread of gastronationalism movements in the world public opinion, the culinary trends that are tried to be imposed on people will lose and the local will bloom like a pumpkin flower in the next 5 years.
Michelin, the evaluation institution of the same school and the headliner of politics in the kitchen, will either be more honest and sincere, change its principles, expand its range or lose its popularity and credibility to a great extent.
If I had to give an example of this, could you show me a "halal" restaurant with a Michelin star in the world? But are all halal restaurants in this world too unsuccessful to receive this star? No. There are more successful and more luxurious restaurants than Michelin-starred restaurants. Well, I explained the answer to the question of why it is not given above in great detail...
Even the schools of the most prestigious countries in the world in terms of cookery and gastronomy do not accept this, unfortunately, it is an extra and part of the indispensable new culinary trends under the umbrella of gastronationalism, to which the politics in gastronomy belong. Although the infrastructures have been established by the relevant interlocutors to be utilized on the basis of gastronationalism now and in the future, when necessary, they are also suitable for such uses.
On this subject, I wrote an article named "Our cuisine won out of the crusades in gastronomy." As a part of society, it is useful not to compromise on gastronationalism. Every geography and every state has a duty to protect its own. If it is respected, it must be one of the qualities of humanity to show respect. In addition , if we need to consider Turkish cuisine and Turkish cuisine culture in the world, we must learn to say "we" first, like every society in the world, and first discover what is ours. Then we should try to have information about other geographies and other cuisines in the world.
If we should not forget, as I have clearly stated in the examples I have given above, if someone says "no politics in the kitchen, do not bring politics into the kitchen", as in the past, if someone says "no politics in the kitchen, do not bring politics into the kitchen", it is known that he is doing the best in politics in the kitchen, or he is a pawn or one of the spokesmen of the food brands that make politics in the kitchen. However, there are serious benefits in this regard. It is a fact that we will hear the concepts of politics in gastronomy and politics in cuisine much more in the coming years.
In addition, one of the other facts is the concept of gastronationalism and its values.
Everyone adopts their own cuisine and culinary culture and values it more by keeping it higher. Even if those who have knowledge about academic information and the results of research on this subject make more level evaluations, the sense of belonging will definitely show itself somewhere. It is a fact that gastronationalism will show its presence more and more in international politics with gastrodiplomacy, and it will be talked about more in the coming days.
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If I have to make a general assessment of the concept of gastronationalism as a result;
As I mentioned in my article named 2022 world food trends & restaurant trends, innovative chefs who develop many dishes in culinary cultures with new cooking techniques do not leave the discipline. Although there are innovations in presentation techniques, these remain only in some special restaurant and hotel menus, as well as in artisan restaurants where the traditional food culture is preferred by the society, ethnic restaurants that preserve the traditional, and the food traditions made in feasts and festivals are preserved.
The return to the past, where local products focused on healthy nutrition are in demand, has become one of the new gastronomy trends today. In this sense, international chain brands have to update their menus with local cuisine products of the region they serve. When we look at the history of the croissant, it has been made in different ways in Austria since the 13th century.
In the Example of Gastronationalism and Belonging, the Psychology of Eating as Bread and "Beating" the Symbol of the Enemy Tried on the European Armies Accumulated in Austria...
In 1683, an example of gastronationalism and the reflection of politics in the kitchen, Austrian bakers offered a treat to the soldiers of the European armies, which was the symbol of the Ottoman soldiers and united in Austria in the shape of a "crescent" for the first time, in the form of a bread (croissant), saying that you will finish the Turks by eating it. Later, in France, England and various European countries, the "croissant" became one of the most popular delicacies with its crescent shape, and its shape has never changed since then.
What's Interesting About the Croissant;
How sad is it that without knowing the history of the croissant, the croissant is at the top of the menus of the most luxurious restaurants and hotels in Turkey and that it is engraved in the minds of the Turkish people as one of the most popular pastry products? While they are doing this, is politics not happening, or is it politics when I speak the truth of the matter?
What about those who keep the name of Winston Churchill alive by making mineral water and lemon drinks on our beverage menus and saying "Winston Churchill" in their name? Well, what would it mean for Turks, for Turkey, and for the damage he caused to Turkey in the War of Independence, to keep Winston Churchill , who was written in gold letters in the history books, alive in Turkish beverage menus ?
Should we blame those who put the Winston Churchill beverage on their menu, or those who drink it? So is there such a drink in England?
This is how a society is brainwashed in gastronationalism... In gastronationalism, this is called a magnificent social engineering . No matter how civilized and rich the ignorant is, he is condemned to be crushed and humiliated for his ignorance . Being modern and civilized does not remove one's ignorance .
People who do not know their own history and culture are called ignorant . This ignorance makes them fall in love with their " executioner" with the social engineering applied on them from time to time . The above croissant bread and Churchill drink are just two of these examples.
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Gains of World States on Gastronationalism According to International Gastronomy Researches...
During my conversations with some of my academics and sarcastic colleagues, who have done research on the subject in terms of diversity and richness of ideas arising from the diversity and perspectives in the field of gastronationalism, according to International Gastronomy Researches, the World States Have Become Aware of the Following Items on Gastronationalism;
* Formation of Collective Identity,
* Tourism Industry,
* Mobilizing Political Dynamics,
* Development of Gastronomy Tourism,
* International Reputation,
* Export Revenues,
* International Market Promotions,
* Global And Transnational Markets,
* To have a voice in World Gastronomy,
* Sustainable Production,
* Social Cohesion,
* Sustainable Income Sources,
* Development in Domestic Trade
* Foreign Trade Revenues,
* Employment from Production
* Market Created by Local Products,
* Workforce and Income Provided by Branding…
We see that gastronationalism and gastrodiplomacy, which are beneficial in many areas such as economic income sources and providing social unity, are examined in detail, especially as they attract the attention of many countries in the world today.
Gastronationalism and Gastrodiplomacy, which is one of the newest definitions, are two separate concepts that complement each other, and it is obvious that we will frequently encounter them in international gastronomy. These concepts, which are one of the best ways to introduce culinary cultures to the society, have also become one of the most convenient sources as a communication tool in reflecting the politics to the society.
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The Spiritual Gains of Gastronationalism in Social Unity...
In this regard, there are some concepts in the provision of social cohesion that occur spontaneously. At the same time, if some of these concepts are supported by the relevant NGOs of local and state administrations, much greater positive developments can be observed. The sense of belonging and the development of culinary culture by adopting it, developing it with trainings in the field of gastronomy and culinary arts, making the presentations more attractive by preserving the original play an important role in making the relevant products more appreciated and reaching more audiences in the international arena.
This helps not only the products but also the related culinary culture to reach more audiences and become a product or culture sought by more people.
* Culinary Nationalism,
* Cultural diversity,
* Historical Richness,
* Cultural heritage,
* Ancestral Heritage,
* National Cuisine,
* Belonging,
* Community Customs,
* Historical Tradition,
* Food culture,
* Cultural Identity,
* Geography Culture,
* Cultural Bonds Between Communities,
Although it means -- it seems that it will continue to deepen as a convenient tool that states can use in many ways. Gastronationalism, which is suitable to be used by many think tanks and terrorist thoughts, seems to be a tool that will carry the aims to success if it is used wisely as well as being used as a weapon in transferring different ideas to the society.
"Has Chef" Ahmet Ozdemir
Coord. Executive Chef
International Restaurant and Cuisine Consultant
Ottoman and Turkish Cuisine World Volunteer Ambassador
What is Gastronationalism & Culinary Nationalism?
At the end of my article, I wanted to include the views of some of my academic colleagues who are experts in the culinary arts and who have experience in gastronomy research on "Gastronationalism".
Thanks to my friends, they responded to my call and shared their thoughts on gastronationalism from different perspectives. In terms of the richness of ideas in the article, I wanted to share the views of my esteemed colleagues on this subject.
I would also like to thank them and wish them success in their work.
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Veyis DURDU
Member of the Advisory Council of the World Gastronomy Organization
Gastronomer- Sustainable Gastronomy Consultant
gastronationalism; Gastronationalism has also emerged as a reaction against the consequences of this integration and fading brought about by the reduction of resources in the world, climate changes, shrinking economic markets and globalization. In a world that is rapidly globalizing, the importance of nationality claims of food products has become increasingly important under the pressure of competition for authenticity and exoticism in the global market.
Gastro nationalism is a new concept that describes the use of food production, distribution, and consumption to create and maintain the emotional force of national commitment, as a result of causes and imperatives. In addition, gastronationalism deals with the use and influence of nationalist sentiments in food production and marketing. In terms of gastro-nationalism, food is a fundamental aspect of collective identity. It is the policy of many governments today to promote national or local produce or to preserve foodstuffs that are seen as part of the nation's heritage.
As such, this concept is considered extremely useful and imperative, especially in the context of global and transnational markets, as it sharply reveals the political dynamics of combining localized food cultures and local products with nationalist projects.
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Mehmet Sedat İPAR "Dr. Lecturer"
Turkish Cuisine and Local Taste Researcher "Sinop University"
gastronationalism; To be able to establish an influence on various societies of the world as a soft power; It can be said that it has a history equivalent to the spread of digital technologies in the world on the basis of improving the negative image in the social and psychological sense and thus establishing not only a political hegemony, but also establishing friendly relations using public diplomacy resources. So that; Especially since the beginning of the 2000s, the richness of gastronomy and culinary cultures, which are an important cultural value of countries, act as a bridge in establishing positive relations between states and different nations as a cultural diplomacy tool.
Today, countries aim to improve their national image by taking advantage of the gastrodiplomacy strategies they have developed and the food and beverages they have. It carries out efforts to improve the negative attitudes towards itself in the outside world or to create awareness and image in the citizens of countries far away from it, with its efforts to make one or a few local dishes and sometimes the whole country's cuisine a brand. In this context, the concept of gastronationalism advocates the preservation of ethnic and national cuisine, transferring it to future generations and accepting it as an integrating value in the society by bringing together the identity values of a nation and its culinary values.
Especially during the 7-8 years we have left behind, studies on geographically marked food and beverage and gastronomy items throughout the country are very important in internalizing the concept of gastronationalism. Because the products are shaped within the framework of certain standards and these standards are valid at least among European countries, “x food belongs to us” at any time; It will also block the exits of "y dessert is ours". On the other hand, with the feelings of gastronationalism that develops, instead of an outrageous admiration for the dishes, drinks and desserts of various countries of the world, as today, there will be individuals who have been more rasped and less deferred to those belonging to their own culture.
From all these, our national cuisine values will be used effectively as a diplomatic power or soft power with the concept of gastrodiplomacy, which is an upper dimension as power. What do you think about Turkish Cuisine? The most important turning point in answering the question by knowing our national and cultural dishes, instead of just aaa, I know Turkish kebab, lahmacun, doner, baklava answers, is the evaluation of the concept of gastro nationalism as a cultural difference among nations all over the world, especially our citizens.
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Selma ATABEY
Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University "Lecturer, Local Food Researcher"
gastronationalism; As it is known, geography has cuisine. Because the basis of that cuisine is shaped by the climate structure and geography of that region. The products grown in that region develop as the climate of that region allows. For example, grass grown in the Aegean does not have the same characteristics in the Marmara. Purple basil grown in Elazig loses its color elsewhere and turns green. It won't be the same size, the same color, or the same flavor.
Therefore, the products produced with these local products turn into different local dishes. At the same time, since the energy needed by the body increases in hot places, and in cold countries, more oily, more spicy, even spicy and sweeter meals appear to provide energy. Except for this general situation, culture affects the cuisine of that geography. So what I would say is that not only geography, but also cultures, that is, nations, are indispensable in culinary culture. If there is a nation, there are differences, unique and characteristic features. Each region does not differ only by geographical features.
It also differs according to their religious beliefs, migrations, wars, traditions and lifestyles. It should differ. There should be as many different cuisines as there are different cultures and geographies, and there should not be a uniform, globalizing cuisine. The concept to be considered at this point is Gastronationalism. The Annales School, called the French Historical Revolution, focused on psychology, sociology, history, literature, etc. He argued that the branches of science should also be examined.
At this point, he argued that the psychological effects of the individuals living in that geography, the reflection of this interaction on social life and sociological effects, historical values such as migrations, wars, and even all factors including demographics should be evaluated. When we look at the culinary culture, the differences are formed with this holistic perspective and form an identity.
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Osman GULDEMIR
Doctoral Faculty Member "Anadolu University"
Ottoman and Turkish Cuisine Researcher & Writer
Gastronationalism is the whole of attitudes and behaviors aimed at preserving, raising awareness and protecting gastronomic values, which deals with the values of the society, especially in the context of cuisine. In this way, it is possible to maintain the culinary culture and to provide added value with national dishes. Therefore, we can say that the impact power of the national attitudes of the cooks who add spirit to the food and beverage establishments where out-of-home consumption is intense is quite high. In other words, a menu item that seems small at first glance has a tremendous interaction in the context of gastronationalism. It should be aimed to prioritize local foods and national dishes.
Note:
The original text, which is accepted as a source, is as follows. Google translation was used for the necessary language change.